Alcohol-Related Disorder

Pattern of alcohol use leading to impairment or distress, often with tolerance, withdrawal, and compulsive behaviors.

Etiology (Biopsychosocial Model)

Biological: Genetic predisposition, GABAergic changes.

Psychological: Stress coping, mood disorders.

Social: Peer norms, accessibility, trauma.

• Symptoms & Diagnosis (Mnemonic: CAGE TIPS):

C - Cut down attempts

A - Activities given up

G - Guilt or blackouts

E - Excessive time spent

T - Tolerance

I - Inability to fulfill obligations

P - Physical danger

S - Physical danger

Treatment

Motivational Interviewing (MI)

Disulfiram, Naltrexone, Acamprosate

AA or 12-step programs

Info

DSM-5-TR Code

F10.10–F10.29 (based on use or withdrawal)

Prevalence

~13.9% lifetime prevalence in U.S. adults