Etiology (Biopsychosocial Model)

Biological: Disruptions in hippocampal functioning

Psychological: Repression, avoidance of trauma memories

Social: Exposure to abuse, war, or identity-threatening stress

Symptoms & Diagnosis (Mnemonic: BLANK)

B - Bewildered wandering (fugue, if present)

L - Localized, selective, or generalized memory loss

A - Amnesia not explained by other disorders

N - Not due to substance or neurological condition

K - Knowledge of identity may be lost

Treatment

Psychotherapy: Psychodynamic or trauma-focused psychotherapy

Other: Hypnotherapy or memory-recovery interventions (with caution)

Support: Safe environment and reconnection with identity